- Citreoline Trogon
 - Citreoline Trogon
+3
 - Citreoline Trogon
Watch
 - Citreoline Trogon
Listen

Citreoline Trogon Trogon citreolus Scientific name definitions

Nigel Collar
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated October 17, 2016

Sign in to see your badges

Introduction

Endemic to western Mexico, the Citreoline Trogon is fairly common in arid or semi-arid woodland habitats, mangroves and plantations up to 1,000m. Adult males have a uniform gray head and upper breast, and a metallic green mantle, fading to a violet-blue rump. The uppertail is blue-green with a black tip, and the wings are dark, with outer webs of the primaries white. The dark gray upper breast is separated from the bright yellow belly and undertail coverts by a broad but vaguely defined white band. Females are entirely dark gray above and tend to have a paler gray breast and paler yellow belly. Both sexes have dark bills and yellow eyes and predominantly white undertails. Near Ocozocuatla, where it may overlap with the similar Black-headed Trogon, the Citreoline is paler overall with more white in the undertail (extending all the way to the undertail coverts in the outer webs) and lacks the dark eye and white eyering. This species sometimes forms vocal leks attended by several females and builds its nest in termitaries.

Field Identification

27 cm. Male nominate race with bill pale blue-grey, eye yellow; head and breast dull greyish-black, creamy white breast­band, yellow rest of underside; wings greyish-black; mantle and back green, rump and uppertail-coverts deep blue; uppertail bluish-green, tipped black; undertail largely whitish with black border. Differs from similar T. melanocephalus in greyer, less black, head and breast, yellow eye and no visible orbital ring, less blue tinge to green of back, less black on undertail. Female has rather dark grey head, breast and back, upper mandible partially blackish. Juvenile with dark eye, slightly more black on undertail. Race <em>sumichrasti</em> larger, with broader white tips to outer rectrices.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Sometimes considered conspecific with T. melanocephalus (which see). Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Trogon citreolus citreolus Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Pacific slope of Mexico from Sinaloa to Oaxaca.

SUBSPECIES

Trogon citreolus sumichrasti Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Pacific coastal plain of Mexico in Oaxaca and Chiapas.

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Arid to semi-arid open woodland, low coastal jungle and thorny brushland, thorn-forest, scrub, tropical deciduous and lower tropical semi-deciduous forest, second growth, plantations, open humid forest, swamp-forest and mangroves, reaching 1000 m. Chief habitat (“ecological centre”) appears to be thorn-forest.

Movement

Apparently sedentary.

Diet and Foraging

Chiefly fruit in Feb–Jun, insects in Jul–Oct, and fruit and insects in equal quantity in Nov–Jan; insects include flying ones and large caterpillars. In one study, fruits included drupes of the small trees Recchia mexicana and Comocladia engleriana, berries of the vine Trichostigma octandrum and syconium of a fig Ficus pertusa; fruits of the first 3 were swallowed whole (the larger seeds of first 2 being regurgitated), but those of figs were crushed in bill before swallowing; last 2 were intensively exploited, although the fig was scarce in the area. In another study fruits of Ehretia tinifolia important, and in a third Acacia, Byrsonima, Casearia, Celtis, Coccoloba, Cupanis, Eugenia, 4 species of Ficus, Paullinia, Pithecollobium and Vitex were taken.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Like that of T. melanocephalus; rapid series of short notes resembling an antbird (Thamnophilidae).

Breeding

May–Aug. Nest in arboreal termitarium, chiefly of Nasutitermes, in relatively sheltered patch of vegetation. Eggs 2–4. No other information.
Not globally threatened. Species generally reckoned to be common to fairly common in appropriate habitat throughout most of range, and very common in Oaxaca.
Distribution of the Citreoline Trogon - Range Map
Enlarge
  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Citreoline Trogon

Recommended Citation

Collar, N. (2020). Citreoline Trogon (Trogon citreolus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.cittro1.01
Birds of the World

Partnerships

A global alliance of nature organizations working to document the natural history of all bird species at an unprecedented scale.