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Shining-blue Kingfisher Alcedo quadribrachys Scientific name definitions

P. F. Woodall
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated July 11, 2019

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Field Identification

16 cm; male 33–36 g, female 32–40 g. Male nominate race buffy loral spot, cream neck patch, head and wings black with glossy ultramarine tips, mantle to uppertail-coverts brilliant purple-blue, tail blue-black; creamy chin and throat, small purple-blue collar at side of breast, remaining underparts orange-chestnut; bill black; iris dark brown; legs and feet orange-red. Female dark red base of lower mandible. Juvenile paler crown, paler orange underparts, dusky mottling forming breastband, white tip of bill. Race <em>guentheri</em> paler back colour, brilliant cobalt-blue, pale azure-blue rump.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Recent study suggested that this species is closest to A. semitorquata, these two being sister to A. atthis and A. coerulescens (1). Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Alcedo quadribrachys quadribrachys Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Senegambia to W Nigeria (E to R Niger).

SUBSPECIES

Alcedo quadribrachys guentheri Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SE Nigeria E to extreme S South Sudan and Uganda (L Victoria), and S to N Angola and NW Zambia.

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Lagoons, estuaries and mangroves on the coast, and reedbeds, papyrus swamps, streams, rivers, ponds, lakes and reservoirs in forest, savanna and farmland; mainly in lowlands, to 1800 m in Zaire.

Movement

Generally sedentary; some indication of seasonal variation in numbers, e.g. absence during Mar–May in Lagos (S Nigeria), and also irregular movements which probably involve dispersal by juveniles.

Diet and Foraging

Mainly fish to 6 cm in length, also aquatic insect larvae and small crabs. Searches for prey from a perch in reeds or overhanging branches, 1–2 m above the water; dives steeply into water and return to perch with its catch.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

High-pitched “cheet” given mainly in flight, and repeated high-pitched “seet-seet-seet-seet”; nestlings make fizzling noise when alarmed.

Breeding

Lays in Sept in Nigeria, in Nov in Cameroon, in Dec–Mar in Gabon, in Mar in Congo, in Dec, Feb and Apr–Jul (mainly May) in Uganda, and in Oct in NE Zaire. Pair digs a burrow 40 cm long in a vertical streamside bank, or in side of a gravel pit or saw-pit; nest can be up to 1 km from a stream. Clutch 4–6 eggs. No other information.
Not globally threatened. Widespread and common in forested areas. In Ghana, 50 pairs were counted along 48 km of river. No obvious threats.
Distribution of the Shining-blue Kingfisher - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Shining-blue Kingfisher

Recommended Citation

Woodall, P. F. (2020). Shining-blue Kingfisher (Alcedo quadribrachys), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.shbkin1.01
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