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Speke's Weaver Ploceus spekei Scientific name definitions

Adrian J. F. Craig
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated June 18, 2013

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Field Identification

15 cm; male 34–43 g, female 28–37 g. Male has forehead, crown and nape golden-yellow, passing into olive-green on nape; mantle and back feathers blackish with yellow fringes (mottled appearance), rump dull greenish-yellow, tail olive-green; upperwing dark brown, remiges with dull yellow margins, tertials and wing-coverts with broad yellow borders forming wingbars; lores, cheek, ear-coverts, chin and throat black, black extending as bib onto upper breast, where narrowly fringed with chestnut-brown; rest of breast, and flanks, belly, thighs and undertail-coverts golden yellow; iris yellowish-white; bill black; legs dusky to greyish pink. Female has forehead, crown and nape olive with faint streaking, mantle olive with dark central streaks on feathers, rump pale olive, tail olive; wings brown, pale olive-yellow edges on remiges, tertials and greater coverts, pale cream edges on median coverts forming wingbar; cheek and ear-coverts pale olive, no supercilium; chin and throat creamy white, breast and flanks buff, belly, thighs and undertail-coverts white; during breeding much yellower below (unclear if this is the result of plumage abrasion or moult); iris pale brown to pale grey; bill dull brownish above, paler pinkish below; legs greyish-pink. Juvenile has forehead, crown and nape plain olive-brown, mantle and back brown with heavy streaking, rump plain brown, wings and tail olive-green, broad buffy margins on wing-coverts, yellow supercilium, chin and throat yellowish, underparts buff, whitish on belly, iris grey-brown, bill grey-brown.

Systematics History

Monotypic.

Subspecies

Monotypic.

Distribution

C, S & E Ethiopia, N & E Somalia, and SW & C Kenya S to NC Tanzania.

Habitat

Bushy and wooded country with available water; usually at 1200–2200 m. In Nairobi (Kenya), common in urban and suburban areas.

Movement

Presumed resident; most move away from breeding colonies when not nesting.

Diet and Foraging

Seeds, including those of crops such as maize (Zea mays); also insects, including alate termites (Isoptera), especially when feeding young; also collects food discarded by people, and seen to feed at carcases hung in meat shed. Generally in small flocks.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song a series of repetitive notes leading into a chatter, "tz-z-z-z-z za za eee eh eh ch-ch-ch tzz-zzz-zzz-zzz-zzz-ip", described also as a nasal skirl, may include whistled notes. Contact call a sharp "tseep".

Breeding

Breeds Apr–Sept in Ethiopia, May–Jun in Somalia, Feb–Jul and Oct–Dec (peak Mar–Apr) in Kenya, and Feb–May in Tanzania. Polygynous. Usually colonial, in Somalia small colonies of 4–6 males; in Kenya large colonies of 22–205 nests (all in single tree), often mixed with P. intermedius, also with P. rubiginosus. Male calls from perch near nest; long song used in nest advertisement, short song in courtship. Nest oval, bulky, with short spout around entrance, woven by male (often starting construction before first females appear) from grass stems, often with leaves attached (giving rough appearance), ceiling of grass-heads and some acacia (Acacia) leaves, lined by female with grass-heads and occasionally a few feathers, attached on upper surface to branch 2–7 m above ground, mostly in thorn tree, in Nairobi often near busy road or occupied building; unused or partly completed nests frequently demolished by male; newly built nests may be taken over by Common Grey-headed Sparrow (Passer griseus); abandoned nests occupied for breeding by African Silverbill (Euodice cantans), Cut-throat Finch (Amadina fasciata), Chestnut Sparrow (Passer eminibey), and once by Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus bengalus), and empty nests also used for roosting by Superb Starling (Lamprotornis superbus) and once by Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus). Clutch 1–4 eggs (average 2 in Kenya), bright blue with darker cap at blunt end, rarely a few black spots, average size of nine eggs 23·2 x 15·6 mm (Kenya); incubation by female only, period c. 11 days; chicks fed by both male and female, nestling period c. 16 days. In Nairobi (Kenya), urban colonies had average brood size of 1·8, nestling mortality 30–35%, with parasitic larvae of fly Passeromyia heterochaeta an important factor; avian predators include African Harrier-hawk (Polyboroides typus), Augur Buzzard (Buteo augur), Black Kite (Milvus migrans) and Gabar Goshawk (Micronisus gabar); nest in a wetland robbed by Black Crake (Zapornia flavirostra).
Not globally threatened. Locally common. Regarded as a significant crop pest in some areas.
Distribution of the Speke's Weaver - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Speke's Weaver

Recommended Citation

Craig, A. J. F. (2020). Speke's Weaver (Ploceus spekei), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.spewea2.01
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