- Great Pampa-Finch
 - Great Pampa-Finch
+5
 - Great Pampa-Finch
Watch
 - Great Pampa-Finch (Eastern)
Listen

Great Pampa-Finch Embernagra platensis Scientific name definitions

Alvaro Jaramillo
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2011

Sign in to see your badges

Introduction

The Great Pampa-Finch is a common species of open country, and shrubby areas south of the Amazon and east of the Andes. It is a relatively large finch that appears to be better placed in the tanagers, the genus Embernagra is also closely allied to the grass-finches (Emberizoides spp.). All are grassland birds, although some more specialized than others. There is a separation of eastern and western populations of Great Pampa-Finches, with the western birds showing brighter bills with less black, a slightly different bill shape and differences in voice and plumage. The two have been suggested to comprise a species pair, but thus far they are retained under a single species. In the field the most obvious feature of this finch is the orange-yellow bill, the grey head and the grass-green back coloration. All in all it is a striking looking species, and a common species of the grasslands of the south.

Field Identification

20·5–23 cm; 45–47 g. A long-tailed and short-winged finch of medium size, with thick yet long bill. Nominate race has grey head, with darker lores and face (creating somewhat masked look), from nape a green suffusion invades the grey, blending into grass-green upperparts, mantle and back varying from finely to distinctly streaked; tail feathers dusky with broad grass-green edging, greenish central feathers; upperwing widely edged grass-green and appearing largely concolorous with back, except for broad blackish centres of tertials; grey of face continues to underparts, with slightly paler central throat, then darkening on breast and flanks, with belly and vent off-white, rearmost underparts often with cinnamon-brown wash; iris dark brown; bill orange, black culmen; legs usually dull pinkish, feet often duller and duskier. Sexes similar. Juvenile is rather different from adult, strongly washed yellow on face and throat, strong face pattern of yellow supercilium contrasting with darker cap and cheek, crisp whitish crescent below eye, entire upperside pale brownish with prominent dark streaking, off-white to yellowish below, crisp streaking on breast and upper flanks, bill dusky. Race olivascens is larger than nominate, has thicker bill with more strongly curved culmen, lacks streaking above, has buff-brown wash on flanks and rear underparts, has much more extensive and brighter orange coloration on bill (dark restricted to basal ridge of culmen), legs bright yellow to orange; gossei is larger than previous, has paler grey throat and breast, more greyish-green upperparts; catamarcana has clearer grey chest and greyer head than preceding two, also more yellowish on upperparts and has whiter belly.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

This species sometimes placed in Emberizoides. Western “olivascens group” (all races except nominate) close to species rank, although differentiating characters subtle: claimed slightly stronger orange bill (not clearly confirmed in photographs; ns) with less dark brown on culmen (1); much weaker or no dorsal streaking (2); paler lores, chin and abdomen (1); slightly more decurved bill (1); and slightly larger size, with clear mean longer wing and tail (but effect size in males on published evidence (1) 1.22 and 1.48 respectively, score 1); but available recordings reveal no difference in song (more detailed research needed). Nevertheless, nominate race may be sympatric with gossei in Córdoba, Argentina, although this needs confirmation. Four subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


EBIRD GROUP (MONOTYPIC)

Great Pampa-Finch (Western) Embernagra platensis olivascens Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SE Bolivia to sw Paraguay and nw Argentina

EBIRD GROUP (MONOTYPIC)

Great Pampa-Finch (Eastern) Embernagra platensis platensis Scientific name definitions

Distribution

lowlands of Beni, in N Bolivia; C and E Paraguay, E Argentina (E Formosa, Chaco and Misiones S to Río Negro), SE Brazil (S from Minas Gerais) and Uruguay.

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Grassland with scattered shrubs, also grassland at edge of marshes. In E of range (nominate) prefers moist sites, avoiding dry grasslands. In W & N much more likely to occupy habitats with larger shrub component, away from damp sites, but still with noticeable grass component. Sea-level to 2500 m. In areas of sympatry with E. longicauda, present species tends to occur in more humid parts and at lower elevations, sometimes in cultivation.

Movement

Sedentary.

Diet and Foraging

Feeds on mix of seeds and arthropods, latter being more important during breeding period. Forages while on ground. Sometimes follows army ants (Formicidae). In pairs and family groups

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song c. 1 second in duration, a musical series of 3–5 notes of generally high frequency, last note often longer, louder and strongly frequency-modulated, “gledit, gledit, gléeeeuuu” or “pzt–tcheew” or “chip–ptleeééé”; when final note rising, reminiscent of part of Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) song. Song of olivascens may be more complex, longer and lower in frequency. Call a buzzy “tziip”; alarm call a buzzy “tzip, tzip, tzip”.

Breeding

Egg dates span Oct–Dec, later in NW part of range; fledglings recorded Nov–Mar. Nest a cup of dry vegetation, sticks and twigs, lined with softer and finer material, placed 30 cm to 1·5 m from ground in pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana), thick grasses or dense shrub. Clutch 2–4 eggs, white with ochre and blackish markings, these concentrated around wide end. Often parasitized by Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis). No other information.
Not globally threatened. Common. Appears to adapt well to agriculture so long as some tall grass present on outside of farm fields, and often perches on and sings from fence posts.

About the Author(s)

Alvaro began birding as an 11 year old in Canada, and eventually trained in Evolutionary Ecology studying, creatures as varied as leaf-cutter ants and Argentine cowbirds. But his career has been focused on birding tourism, both as a guide and owner of his tour company, as well as a avitourism consultant to various organizations. He is the author of Birds of Chile, New World Blackbirds: The Icterids, as well as the ABA Field Guide to the birds of California. He lives in Half Moon Bay, California where he is known for his pelagic birding trips. Email: alvaro@alvarosadventures.com.

Distribution of the Great Pampa-Finch - Range Map
Enlarge
  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Great Pampa-Finch

Recommended Citation

Jaramillo, A. (2020). Great Pampa-Finch (Embernagra platensis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grpfin1.01
Birds of the World

Partnerships

A global alliance of nature organizations working to document the natural history of all bird species at an unprecedented scale.