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Amazonian Streaked-Antwren Myrmotherula multostriata Scientific name definitions

Kevin Zimmer and Morton L. Isler
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2003

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Introduction

The Amazonian Streaked-Antwren is largely confined to seasonally flooded lowland forests south of the Amazon, although there are small extensions of its range to the north bank, especially in the west and center of Amazonia, where the species locally reaches as far north as southernmost Venezuela. For long considered a subspecies of the Guianan Streaked Antwren (Myrmotherula surinamensis), with the combined species known simply as the Streaked Antwren, there is virtually no geographical overlap between these sister-species, which are best differentiated by their vocals (although differences between their loudsongs are not marked), and to a lesser extent in plumage. The Amazonian Streaked-Antwren has recently been discovered far to the southeast of its previously known range, in Mato Grosso do Sul, southern Brazil, in Chiquitano dry forest.

Field Identification

9–10 cm; 7·5–9 g. Male is black above, streaked white, wing-coverts tipped white, flight-feathers edged white, broad white interscapular patch, tail edged and tipped white; thin black malar streak, white underparts, greyer on flanks and crissum, black streaks from throat to belly and flanks. Barely distinguishable from extremely similar M. surinamensis, but tendency for black streaks below to be thinner (variable). Female differs from male in having top of head cinnamon-rufous, crown and nape streaked black, side of head, breast and sides buff, rest of underparts faintly buff-tinged; dsitinguished from females of M. surinamensis and M. cherriei by very thin black malar streak and extensive thin (1 mm wide or less) streaking of underparts.

Systematics History

Member of the “streaked antwren assemblage” (see M. brachyura). Considered a sister-species of M. surinamensis, and until recently treated as conspecific with that and with M. pacifica, but vocal and plumage characters indicate three separate species (1). Differs from M. surinamensis mainly in female plumage (e.g. thin malar stripe, extensive thin streaking below) and in voice (e.g. no rattle call). Monotypic.

Subspecies

Monotypic.

Distribution

Locally in SE Colombia, S Venezuela (extreme W Amazonas), and from E Ecuador and NE & E Peru E across C Brazil (E to W Maranhão and N Tocantins, extending N of R Amazon only in area W of lower R Negro and also NE of Manaus) and S to Mato Grosso and NW & NE Bolivia.

Habitat

Understorey and mid-storey at edges of seasonally flooded lowland evergreen forest (várzea and igapó) and adjacent shrubby second growth, to 550 m. In most areas, virtually confined to a narrow band of shrubby, vine-tangled vegetation immediately bordering rivers, streams and oxbow lakes.

Movement

None recorded; presumed resident throughout range.

Diet and Foraging

Little published. Feeds on small insects, especially small lepidopteran larvae, and spiders. Pairs or individuals forage mostly 1–15 m up in dense foliage and vine tangles overhanging water, often in crowns of more open shrubs and trees with bases submerged in standing water; seldom found more than 50 m away from water’s edge. Very active, hitching rapidly from side to side in zigzag progression, twitching wings and tail, frequently retracing its route and scanning foliage for prey as it goes, seldom pausing longer than 1–2 seconds between movements. Most prey perch-gleaned from leaves (particularly from upper surfaces) by reaches or lunging stabs; less frequently, perch-gleans from stem and vine surfaces and makes short, upward-directed fluttering sallies to underside of overhanging vegetation. May briefly join passing mixed-species flocks.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Loudsong an unmusical rattle or trill, first rising in intensity and pitch and then slowing slightly, similar to that of M. surinamensis but typically slightly slower in pace. Stereotyped call a rising and falling series of short, song-like notes, differing from that of M. surinamensis in that notes are much longer and pace much slower. Call a flat complaining note, often in a doublet with second note shorter.

Breeding

Jul–Dec in Amazonian Brazil; nest records from Colombia in Jul and Bolivia (Pando) in Jun. Nest described as a small cup or pouch of green mosses and filamentous vegetable matter, decorated with dried leaves (particularly of Heliconia) and strands of white fungus-like material, or as a cup woven of blackish fibres heavily decorated with green moss, in each case suspended c. 0·4–3 m above water from fork in slender branch of small tree or shrub growing on bank of river, stream or lagoon. Normal clutch 2 eggs, white, with purple, brownish-purple or blackish spots and streaks concentrated in wreath at blunt end; incubation by both parents during day, presumably only by female at night.
Not globally threatened. Fairly common throughout most of its extensive range. This encompasses vast areas of intact habitat, including several large, protected areas, e.g. Manu National Park and Biosphere Reserve, in Peru, and Serra do Divisor, Jaú and Tapajós National Parks and Cristalino State Park, in Brazil. The bulk of its range has been little affected by development or human colonization. This species’ ability to persist in shrubby second-growth habitats makes it less sensitive to disturbance than many other forest species.

Recommended Citation

Zimmer, K. and M.L. Isler (2020). Amazonian Streaked-Antwren (Myrmotherula multostriata), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.amasta1.01
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