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Bar-winged Oriole Icterus maculialatus Scientific name definitions

Rosendo Fraga
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2011

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Introduction

The Bar-winged Oriole is a range restricted species found from southern Mexico to El Salvador. It is a nice looking oriole, but perhaps not as bright and gaudy as some. In fact its pattern is not that different from that of the Baltimore Oriole, having a black hood, black back, orange-yellow underparts and rump. The one feature that is rather unusual is that the lower wing bar is not created by a white tip to the greater coverts, instead each greater covert has a well defined white corner, that makes for a very parallel-sided but broken up wing bar that is unique when seen well. Perhaps for such an unassuming looking oriole it is interesting that although the relationships of orioles are very well known and defined, this is the one species which has been most difficult to pin down as it has no single close relative within the orioles. Instead it appears to be an early offshoot of the group that includes all the slim, long-tailed, and think billed orioles – the group which includes most of the Caribbean orioles, Hooded, Orchard etc. The Bar-winged Oriole is little known, it is seen alone in pairs of small family groups. It takes open forests with a large component of oaks, and while it forages for arthropods it also nectars on flowers. It is overall a rather low density species, never common. The song is slow and methodical, flute-like.

Field Identification

20·5–23 cm; 31–59 g. Male has head to upper breast and back black, rump yellow, underparts below breast golden-yellow; upperwing black, yellow shoulder patch (lesser and median coverts), greater coverts broadly tipped white (conspicuous white wingbar), flight feathers edged white; tail solidly black; iris dark brown; bill black, base of lower mandible bluish-grey; legs bluish-grey. Female differs from male in having crown, entire upperparts (including rump), wings and tail olive, lacks yellow shoulder patch, has median coverts tipped yellowish, greater coverts tipped whitish. Juvenile is like female, but duller and browner, with no black on head, tips of greater coverts plain (no wingbar).

Systematics History

Monotypic.

Subspecies

Monotypic.

Distribution

S Mexico (E Oaxaca and Chiapas) across C Guatemala to N El Salvador; also SW Honduras, where status uncertain (1).

Habitat

Xeric oak (Quercus) scrub and woodland, semi-deciduous woodland, open areas; mostly at 500–1800 m in mountain ranges and isolated volcanoes.

Movement

Some local movements apparent, perhaps related to blooming seasons of trees.

Diet and Foraging

Little information. Diet probably insects and other arthropods, fruit and nectar. Visits flowering trees (possibly Erythrina) with other orioles. Usually found in pairs, family groups or small flocks.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song a slow series of whistles and warbles. Common call a dry chatter.

Breeding

Birds in breeding condition during May–Jun. No other information.
Not globally threatened. Restricted-range species: present in North Central American Highlands EBA. Locally rare to uncommon, and generally scarce. Total range covers c. 80,000 km², and no indication of any declines. Probably the least known member of the genus.
Distribution of the Bar-winged Oriole - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Bar-winged Oriole

Recommended Citation

Fraga, R. (2020). Bar-winged Oriole (Icterus maculialatus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.bawori1.01
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