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Black-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila atrirostris Scientific name definitions

Alvaro Jaramillo
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2011

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Introduction

As noted under the Thick-billed Seed-Finch (O. funereus), this group is in taxonomic flux and may in fact be better considered large billed varieties of Sporophila seedeaters. Within the seed-finches the taxonomy has also been moving about. Some have considered it to be made up of a “Lesser” and a “Greater” species; while here we consider it to be five species. The “Greater” group includes three species, and these are big and rather big-billed. The Black-billed Seed-Finch is part of this group and is well named as the other two species have whitish bills. As is typical of this “Greater” group the bill is big and there is nearly no forehead, the culmen seemingly arising from the fore-crown. Similar to the other relatives the Black-billed Seed-Finch has a black male plumage, and some white at the base of the primaries and on the wing linings although the white on the primary bases is much more restricted on this species and may sometimes be nearly absent. The distribution of this seed-finch is in the mid elevations and foothills east of the Andes, with one population in Ecuador and N Peru; the other in S Peru and N Bolivia.

Field Identification

15–16·5 cm; two males 23 g and 29 g (gigantirostris). A medium-sized finch with proportionately long tail and enormous bill for its body size; bill so deep that crown appears to sweep back from base of upper mandible, giving flat-headed look. Male is almost entirely black and without noticeable gloss; some white at primary bases, often very restricted (variable); white wing-linings; iris very dark; bill black; legs dusky or dark grey. Female is warm brown above, slightly paler brown below, with wings and tail slightly darker than upperparts; paler, whitish wing-linings; bare parts much as for male. Juvenile is like female, but young male slightly streaked on head and with darker wings, paler throat and horn-coloured bill. Race gigantirostris is very like nominate, but bill supposedly even bigger.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Formerly usually treated in Oryzoborus, when often considered conspecific with S. nuttingi, S. crassirostris and S. maximiliani; taxonomy of this group still in flux. Races weakly differentiated, and larger bill of gigantirostris may be individually variable; species perhaps better treated as monotypic. Two subspecies tentatively recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Sporophila atrirostris atrirostris Scientific name definitions

Distribution

locally in extreme S Colombia, E lowlands of Ecuador and E Andean slopes in N Peru (San Martín, Loreto and Ucayali).

SUBSPECIES

Sporophila atrirostris gigantirostris Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SE Peru (Madre de Dios) and N and E Bolivia (Beni; isolated records in W and C Santa Cruz).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Grassy areas and clearings in marshy areas, or adjacent to riparian forest, lakes reedbeds, or aquatic thickets. Lowlands.

Movement

Resident.

Diet and Foraging

Diet presumably seeds. Forages singly and in pairs. No other information.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song a rich and leisurely warbling composed of many rich whistles; no other information.

Breeding

No information.
Not globally threatened. Previously listed as Near-threatened; recently downgraded owing to better understanding of total population numbers. Uncommon to rare, and patchily distributed. Popular in captivity, and trapped for the cagebird trade. Should be monitored on a regular basis in order to guard against potential declines caused by trapping and habitat loss.

About the Author(s)

Alvaro began birding as an 11 year old in Canada, and eventually trained in Evolutionary Ecology studying, creatures as varied as leaf-cutter ants and Argentine cowbirds. But his career has been focused on birding tourism, both as a guide and owner of his tour company, as well as a avitourism consultant to various organizations. He is the author of Birds of Chile, New World Blackbirds: The Icterids, as well as the ABA Field Guide to the birds of California. He lives in Half Moon Bay, California where he is known for his pelagic birding trips. Email: alvaro@alvarosadventures.com.

Distribution of the Black-billed Seed-Finch - Range Map
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Distribution of the Black-billed Seed-Finch

Recommended Citation

Jaramillo, A. (2020). Black-billed Seed-Finch (Sporophila atrirostris), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.bbsfin1.01
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