Burmese Yuhina Yuhina humilis Scientific name definitions

12–12·5 cm. Nominate race has crown slightly milky warm mid-brown, nape milky grey-brown, medium-grey neck side and hindcollar; upperparts, upperwing and tail soft warm ochre-tinged brown; head side as crown, but darker on lores and moustachial line; whitish below, with tiny dark shaft streaks from chin to breast, long pale grey-brown streaks on flanks, and brown-tinged whitish thighs and vent; iris reddish-brown, prominent broad white orbital ring broken at front and rear; upper mandible blackish-brown, lower mandible pale brown; legs fleshy-brown. Differs from Y. flavicollis in having browner crown and ear-coverts (crown barely darker than upperparts), soft mid-grey hindcollar, brownish-grey upperparts, faint streaking on chin and throat, and white-centred grey flank feathers. Sexes similar. Juvenile is presumably as adult. Race clarki differs from nominate in having forehead, crown and crest rich umber-brown, rest of plumage ashy, with larger and more conspicuous silvery patch on neck side.

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Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Montane broadleaf evergreen forest, pine and oak forest, at 1075–2275 m.

Resident.

Fruit, nectar and insects, last two taken at blossoms of small trees. Found in pairs or small parties.

Not adequately described. Flock-members utter low “chuck-chuck”, occasionally “chir-chir-chir-chir”; also repeated “chit-a-wit” when alarmed.

Apr in Myanmar and Feb in Thailand. One nest was a “sling” of moss c. 40 cm long,sewn along atwig c. 15 m above ground, with barely noticeable entrance about half-way down; visited by parents alternately, roughly every two minutes.

Not globally threatened. Restricted-range species: present in (and responsible for defining) Myanmar-Thailand Mountains Secondary Area. Generally uncommon to locally common; scarce to uncommon in Umphang area of W Thailand, and present in Mae Ping National Park and adjacent Mae Tuen and Om Koi Wildlife Sanctuaries. Much of this species’ range, however, is adversely affected by forest degradation through selective cutting and repeated burning.