- Jamaican Elaenia
 - Jamaican Elaenia
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Jamaican Elaenia Myiopagis cotta Scientific name definitions

John W. Fitzpatrick
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2004

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Introduction

The Jamaican Elaenia is a small elaenia endemic to the island  of Jamaica, where it occurs in a wide variety of habitat, including lowland and montane evergreen forest, dry coastal scrub, and secondary forest and forest edge. Within Jamaica, this species is distinctive, with a dark, slaty cap, a pale, straight supercilium, and a dark, straight eyeline, which separate sit from all other flycatchers on the island.  The Jamaican Elaenia forages alone or in small flocks of insectivores, and makes short, sallying flights in pursuit of flying insects.

Field Identification

12–13 cm; 11·5–13 g. Plumage is greenish-olive above, crown slightly darker and with feathers slightly elongated, concealing bright orange-yellow coronal patch; whitish lores and supercilium bordered below by darkish line through eye; wings dusky olive, outer webs of inner remiges edged pale yellow; tail dusky olive; throat whitish, face grizzled white; breast pale yellow, rest of underparts bright yellow; iris dark brown; bill short, black; legs blackish. Sexes alike. Juvenile lacks coronal patch, has pale grey underparts, yellower on belly.

Systematics History

Closely related to M. viridicata, and sometimes considered conspecific. Monotypic.

Subspecies

Monotypic.

Distribution

Jamaica.

Habitat

Open woodland, forest edge, second-growth forest, scrubland, shade coffee plantations, and dry forest; from sea-level to mountains, to 2000 m. Most frequent in wet forest at middle elevations.

Movement

Resident.

Diet and Foraging

Insects; rarely, fruits. Forages from understorey to canopy, but typically 4–8 m above ground. Sallies from perch, gleans items from vegetation while in flight.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Rapid, high-pitched “ti-si-si-sip”.

Breeding

Mar–Jun. Nest a well-formed cup of plant materials, hidden in foliage. Clutch 3 eggs; no information on incubation and fledging periods.

Not globally threatened (Least Concern). Restricted-range species: present in Jamaica EBA. Uncommon but widespread. In Jamaica, 75% of original forest cover has already been cleared, and remaining forest is largely second growth; undisturbed forest survives only on high, steep mountain slopes, some of which are protected in Blue Mountain and John Crow National Park, but hunting and habitat destruction continue because of lack of funds for protection and management. Resurgence in coffee cultivation since 1980 has led to clearance of much second growth, and other problems for remaining forests include hurricane damage, widespread pesticide use, establishment of pine (Pinus) plantations, timber removal, deliberate fires, and continuing conversion for small-scale farming and urbanization.

Distribution of the Jamaican Elaenia - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Jamaican Elaenia

Recommended Citation

Fitzpatrick, J. W. (2020). Jamaican Elaenia (Myiopagis cotta), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.jamela1.01
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