- Knysna Warbler
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Knysna Warbler Bradypterus sylvaticus Scientific name definitions

David Pearson
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2006

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Field Identification

14 cm; 16·5 g. A smallish dark brown Bradypterus with fine bill, and fan-shaped tail of twelve broad feathers. Nominate race has top and side of head dark olive-brown, indistinct pale supercilium; upperparts dark olive-brown, warmly tinged back and rump; upperwing and tail dark brown; dull greyish-brown below, whiter on chin and throat and centre of belly, throat with faint brown mottling; undertail-coverts warm brown, tipped pale greyish; iris brown; bill dark brown, paler lower mandible; legs olive-brown to flesh-brown. Sexes alike. Juvenile has face and underparts washed yellowish, throat streaks more prominent. Race pondoensis is darker, less warmly tinged on upperparts, wings and flanks than nominate.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Has been considered allied to B. alfredi on basis of shortish rounded tail, but the two have totally different songs; DNA analysis indicates closest relationship is with B. brunneus but B. alfredi has not been tested genetically (1). Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Bradypterus sylvaticus pondoensis Scientific name definitions

Distribution

(2)coastal SE South Africa (E Eastern Cape).

SUBSPECIES

Bradypterus sylvaticus sylvaticus Scientific name definitions

Distribution

coastal S South Africa (Cape Peninsula E to Port Elizabeth).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Dense low vegetation, usually along watercourses, or over drainage lines in fynbos forest patches; edges of temperate evergreen forest, and small forest patches; also thickets of alien bramble (Rubus).

Movement

Sedentary.

Diet and Foraging

Invertebrates, including grasshoppers (Orthoptera), insect larvae, spiders (Araneae), slugs and worms; nestlings in SW Cape fed mainly with spiders and terrestrial amphipods, also moths and caterpillars (Lepidoptera), stick-insects (Phasmida), cockroaches (Blattodea) and earwigs (Dermaptera). Creeps secretively in thick, low, matted vegetation; forages also on ground, walking mouse-like, scratching and fluttering wings to disturb debris.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Song an accelerating sequence of sharp high-pitched notes leading into lower-pitched hard trill, “wit wit wit-wit-wit-witwitwitwurrrrrrrrrr”, total duration c. 5–7 seconds. Calls a low slurred “brrt” and soft “trr-up”; alarm a repeated “prrit, prrit…”.

Breeding

Egg-laying Sept–Oct. Monogamous; solitary, territorial. Nest built by female, loose and bulky, composed of leaves, pine needles and grasses, with neat cup lined with fine plant fibres, well concealed in thicket or in twigs below canopy within 2 m of ground, or in bases of sedges on streambank. Clutch 2–3 eggs; incubation by one parent only, period 12–13 days; chicks fed by both parents, with food collected close by, nestling period 12–14 days.

VULNERABLE. Restricted-range species: present in South African Forests EBA. Rare and local; total population in thousands only. Has small, fragmented and declining range. Restricted to remnant forest patches in coastal E & SW Cape, with four main subpopulations: E slopes of Table Mt, S slopes of Langeberg Mts near Swellendam, S Cape between Tsitsikamma and Sedgefield, and E Cape from Dwesa Nature Reserve E to Port St Johns. Formerly occurred also in S KwaZulu-Natal (between Wentworth and Umhlanga Rocks). Threatened by destruction of coastal forests and riparian undergrowth, and by clearance of non-native brambles; also by management practices that impact on the predators of rodents. Low productivity on Cape Peninsula was due to high rates of nest predation.

Distribution of the Knysna Warbler - Range Map
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Distribution of the Knysna Warbler

Recommended Citation

Pearson, D. (2020). Knysna Warbler (Bradypterus sylvaticus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.knswar1.01
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