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Wallace's Owlet-nightjar Aegotheles wallacii Scientific name definitions

David T. Holyoak and Christopher J. Sharpe
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated December 29, 2017

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Field Identification

20–23 cm; 46·5–48·5 g (wallacii), 50·5–52 g (manni). Distinctive small owlet-nightjar. Nominate form is variable in plumage, but apparently without showing any ­well-defined polymorphism and with sexes generally similar. Dark brown above, with pale speckles and vermiculations; buffy-white to greyish-white below with dark spots or bars, breast mottled dark brown. Single apparent juvenile has crown all blackish-brown, marked only with fine irregular barring and speckling of buff, and heavily barred underparts. Races differ in size and sometimes in coloration; some gigas and manni have sugges­tion of white collar on hindneck.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Probably not closely related to any congener. Race gigas has been proposed as a distinct species on basis of its considerably larger size and its montane (rather than predominantly lowland) range, but this treatment countered by the fact that manni is of intermediate size and occupies an intermediate altitudinal range; recent studies show that the three races differ significantly only in size. Three subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Aegotheles wallacii wallacii Scientific name definitions

Distribution

New Guinea in Vogelkop and along S side of Central Ranges E to Karimui; Aru Is.

SUBSPECIES

Aegotheles wallacii gigas Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Weyland Mts, in W New Guinea.

SUBSPECIES

Aegotheles wallacii manni Scientific name definitions

Distribution

N New Guinea (Mt Menawa, Mt Turu).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Forests, mainly hill and lower montane forests; occasionally enters gardens. Occurs from sea-level to 1540 m, but altitudinal range apparently varies with race: approximate range of nominate 0–1125 m, of gigas 1200–1540 m, of manni 985–1110 m.

Movement

Presumably sedentary, but information scanty.

Diet and Foraging

Beetles reported. No other information.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Little information. Double whistle , first note rising, second falling and often with trill, may function as song; second note sometimes omitted.

Breeding

No reliable information available; published accounts of cream-coloured eggs with grey markings most unlikely to be based on those of an owlet-nightjar.

Not globally threatened (Least Concern). Apparently a rare, or perhaps elusive, species throughout its range, with small number of specimens from scattered localities. In addition to specimens, some recent observations, photographs and sound-recordings. Unlikely to be immediately threatened since extensive forests remain within the ranges of all three of its subspecies.

Distribution of the Wallace's Owlet-nightjar - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Wallace's Owlet-nightjar

Recommended Citation

Holyoak, D.T. and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Wallace's Owlet-nightjar (Aegotheles wallacii), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.waonig1.01
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