Common summer resident in the Andes of central Chile and adjacent Argentina; migrates north in winter. Found on rocky and stony slopes with scrubby bushes, gravel plains, bogs, and lakeshores; often the commonest ground-tyrant, associating readily with other species in migrant flocks. Best identified by brownish cast to back (not pure gray), diffuse rusty nape patch, and relatively distinct whitish eyebrow; sometimes very confiding.