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Grayish Mourner Rhytipterna simplex Scientific name definitions

Edwin Scholes
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2004

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Introduction

The Grayish Mourner inhabits the middle and upper strata of humid forest, is widely distributed across the vast majority of Amazonia, where it is typically fairly common, and is also found in the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil, in which region it is generally much rarer. In the 19th century, the Grayish Mourner was frequently placed in the Cotingidae, and throughout its range the species is perhaps most likely to be confused with a cotingid, the Screaming Piha (Lipaugus vociferans), which is larger, rather darker gray, and its paler irides. The Grayish Mourner is rather unusual among tyrant-flycatchers in that the sexes can be differentiated on plumage, with females displaying usually obvious brownish fringes to the wing and tail feathers. Despite the species’ undoubted abundance, almost nothing is known about its breeding biology.

Field Identification

19·5–20·5 cm; 33–38 g. Has plain grey head and upperparts, suggestion of crest on rear crown; wings and tail tinged brownish; underparts slightly paler, light grey on throat, faint yellowish-green tinge on belly; iris dark red to reddish-brown; bill slightly hooked at tip, black, often pink basally; legs black. Distinguished from remarkably similar Screaming Piha (Lipaugus vociferans) by smaller size, somewhat paler plumage, redder eyes. Female and presumed immature have some fulvous edging on wing and tail feathers. Race frederici is similar to nominate but darker above and on breast.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Rhytipterna simplex frederici Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SE Colombia (S from Meta and Vaupés), E and S Venezuela and the Guianas S to E Ecuador, E Peru, Amazonian Brazil (S to Mato Grosso, N Goiás and N Maranhão) and N Bolivia (S to La Paz, Cochabamba and N Santa Cruz).

SUBSPECIES

Rhytipterna simplex simplex Scientific name definitions

Distribution

E Brazil from Alagoas S to E Minas Gerais and SW São Paulo.

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Inhabits middle and upper strata of terra firme humid forest, occasionally in transitional forest. Most common below 800 m, but recorded up to 1000 m in SE Peru, and to 1300 m in Venezuela.

Movement

Resident.

Diet and Foraging

Feeds on large insects, also some fruit. Analysis of 19 prey items taken from stomachs in SE Peru, included: Homptera (cicadas 32%); Coleoptera (32%); Orthoptera (16%); Hymenoptera (ants 11%); Lepidoptera (5%); and Dermaptera (4%). Alone, in pairs, or in small group; regularly accompanies mixed flocks. Perches erect, quietly, while peering around in search of prey; then makes sudden sallies to hover-glean from foliage and branches.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Loud, fast “r-t-t-t-t-t-t-tchew”, sometimes repeated several times in succession or given with 2–3 emphasized notes at end; also a slowly ascending series of clear, whistled “whew” notes.

Breeding

Male in breeding condition in Aug in Colombia; enlarged gonads Aug–Nov in SE Peru. No other information.
Not globally threatened. Uncommon to locally fairly common. Given that much of its habitat remains in relatively pristine condition within its large range, it is not likely to be at any risk. Occurs in many national parks and other protected areas. Status of nominate race in E Brazil, where much forest already destroyed, requires investigation.
Distribution of the Grayish Mourner - Range Map
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  • Year-round
  • Migration
  • Breeding
  • Non-Breeding
Distribution of the Grayish Mourner

Recommended Citation

Scholes, E. (2020). Grayish Mourner (Rhytipterna simplex), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.gramou1.01
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