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Saturnine Antshrike Thamnomanes saturninus Scientific name definitions

Kevin Zimmer and Morton L. Isler
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2003

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Introduction

The Saturnine Antshrike has occasionally been placed in the genus Dysithamnus (with the antvireos), but is considered to form a superspecies with the Dusky-throated Antshrike (Thamnomanes ardesiacus), whose range virtually surrounds that of the present species. Compared to the latter species, it has a larger black throat, longer bill, and more extensive interscapular patch. The Saturnine Antshrike inhabits the understory of lowland evergreen forest in western Amazonia, as far south and west as northeast Peru and northeast Bolivia, where singles and pairs are usually associated with mixed-species foraging flocks, which sometimes also include the congeneric Cinereous Antshrike (Thamnomanes caesius). The latter species typically perches more vertically than the Saturnine Antshrike, a distinction that holds true in comparison to the Bluish-slate Antshrike (Thamnomanes schistogynus), which overlaps with the present species in parts of eastern Peru and western Brazil.

Field Identification

13·5–14·5 cm; 19–21 g. Male is darkish grey, with black throat and upper breast; white interscapular patch, white tips of wing-coverts, white edges at bend of wing, tail thinly tipped white, belly feathers spottily edged white (sometimes absent). Distinguished from T. ardesiacus by more extensive black throat, larger inter­scapular patch, longer bill (only slight overlap in measurements). Female is rufescent-tinged olive-brown above, wings and tail rufous, white throat contrasting with olive breast, deep tawny-buff below. Race huallagae has less black on throat, female differs from nominate in having throat feathers spotted grey, breast darker.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Sometimes placed in genus Dysithamnus. Closely related to T. ardesiacus and has been treated as conspecific; taxonomic study of populations needed. Races may not be distinguishable, and in any case, precise delimitation of their ranges unclear. Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Thamnomanes saturninus huallagae Scientific name definitions

Distribution

NE Peru S of R Amazon (along S bank of R Marañón to R Huallaga, and S to R Ucayali in S Loreto) and SW Amazonian Brazil (drainage of upper R Juruá, S to W Acre).

SUBSPECIES

Thamnomanes saturninus saturninus Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SC Amazonian Brazil (S of R Amazon from lower R Juruá and upper R Purus E to W bank of R Tapajós and both banks of R Teles Pires) S to Rondônia, N Mato Grosso and extreme NE Bolivia (NE Santa Cruz).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Understorey of lowland evergreen forest, mostly below 300 m; to 650 m in NE Bolivia. Primarily in terra firme forest; less common in seasonally flooded forest.

Movement

None recorded; presumed resident throughout range.

Diet and Foraging

Feeds on variety of insects, including katydids (Tettigoniidae), mantids (Mantidae), adult and larval lepidopterans, true bugs (Hemiptera), and probably other arthropods. Forages in pairs, singly, or in family groups, mostly 1–4 m above ground, perching semi-upright on slender branches or horizontal fronds of small understorey palms, where it pauses for 2–30 seconds, actively scanning; perches more horizontally than T. caesius and T. schistogynus, and seldom pauses as long as those species. From perch, sallies diagonally and vertically to take prey from air or from foliage and stems (less frequently from trunks or ground) up to 2·5 m away, typically continuing on to another perch following capture. Usually closely associated with mixed-species understorey flocks of other insectivores, particularly Elegant Woodcreeper (Xiphorhynchus elegans), Myrmotherula longipennis, Epinecrophylla leucophthalma, Tawny-crowned Greenlet (Tunchiornis ochraceiceps) and Red-crowned Ant-tanager (Habia rubica); often in same flocks with T. caesius, but generally forages lower than that species (some overlap). Sometimes follows raiding swarms of army ants (Eciton burchelli).

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Loudsong a moderately long series of notes, gradually becoming shorter and rising in pitch, before lower-pitched final rasping note. Calls include short “chirr”, downslurred rasp, and abrupt, clearer note. Vocalizations similar to those of T. ardesiacus; detailed analysis of possible differences currently unavailable.

Breeding

Nothing published. One report of female flushed from a nest in Aug in NE Peru; nest a small cup suspended from two horizontal limbs 3 m above ground in small sapling.
Not globally threatened. Fairly common throughout its range, much of which remains little developed and relatively inaccessible. Range includes some large protected areas, e.g. Tapajós and Pacaás Novos National Parks, in Brazil, and Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, in Bolivia. At one site, numbers were reduced substantially after selective logging.
Distribution of the Saturnine Antshrike - Range Map
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Distribution of the Saturnine Antshrike

Recommended Citation

Zimmer, K. and M.L. Isler (2020). Saturnine Antshrike (Thamnomanes saturninus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.satant1.01
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