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Yellow-green Grosbeak Caryothraustes canadensis Scientific name definitions

David Brewer
Version: 1.0 — Published March 4, 2020
Text last updated January 1, 2011

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Introduction

Usually encountered in small to mid-sized single-species flocks, which can form the nucleus for much larger mixed-species bands, the Yellow-green Grosbeak is an easily identified and usually fairly common bird, largely greenish yellow below and over the head, with heavy-based, largely pale bill, a black fore-face, and a more olive-green back, wings and tail. They draw the observer’s attention, despite being usually found in the subcanopy, by virtue of their loud buzzy calls, which are easily recognized. It is principally distributed over the Guiana Shield, but the species’ range also extends narrowly and discontinously south and east through the Brazilian littoral, where the Yellow-green Grosbeak reaches as far south as the coastal forests of Espírito Santo, and is also found in a tiny area of easternmost Panama.

Field Identification

17–18·5 cm; 31–36 g; 15 cm (simulans). Nominate race has top of head and entire upperparts, including rectrices and remiges, yellowish-green, remiges with yellow edgings on inner webs; lores down to cheek and throat black; underparts bright yellow, chest and flanks slightly greenish-tinged yellow; iris brown; bill black, base blusih-grey; legs grey. Sexes similar. Juvenile undescribed. Race frontalis is similar to nominate, but has black frontal band on mask; brasiliensis is larger than nominate, with brighter yellow forecrown; simulans is paler above than nominate, with variable greyish tinge on scapulars.

Systematics History

Editor's Note: This article requires further editing work to merge existing content into the appropriate Subspecies sections. Please bear with us while this update takes place.

Has been treated as conspecific with C. poliogaster (which see). Race simulans sometimes included in latter species. Four subspecies recognized.

Subspecies


SUBSPECIES

Caryothraustes canadensis simulans Scientific name definitions

Distribution

Cerro Pirre (E Darién), in E Panama.

SUBSPECIES

Caryothraustes canadensis canadensis Scientific name definitions

Distribution

SE Colombia (Vaupés), S Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro), the Guianas and N Brazil (E Amazonas and N Pará E to N Piauí).

SUBSPECIES

Caryothraustes canadensis frontalis Scientific name definitions

Distribution

NE Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco and Alagoas).

SUBSPECIES

Caryothraustes canadensis brasiliensis Scientific name definitions

Distribution

EC Brazil (E Bahia, E Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro).

Distribution

Editor's Note: Additional distribution information for this taxon can be found in the 'Subspecies' article above. In the future we will develop a range-wide distribution article.

Habitat

Lowland humid forest and forest borders, especially in areas of high rainfall; sea-level to 1000 m on tepui foothills in Venezuela, mostly below 250 m in Colombia. Race simulans occurs in humid forest at 250–1250 m.

Movement

Apparently sedentary.

Diet and Foraging

Diet mixed animal and vegetable; in Suriname, stomach contents included beetles (Coleoptera), cockroaches (Blattodea) and their oothecae, and berries. Occurs in flocks of a dozen or more individuals; commonly joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Forages in canopy and down to middle levels of wet forest.

Sounds and Vocal Behavior

Noisy. Song, given at dawn, a lively, continuous, monotonous “chap chap cheeweep”. Calls from flocks include loud buzzy “dzzeet”, repeated “chew-chew-chew” and others.

Breeding

Young being fed at nest in late Mar and late Nov in French Guiana, nest in Jan in Brazil (near Manaus), and pair building nest in Feb in Colombia; birds in breeding condition in Feb–Apr in Venezuela and Brazil. One nest described (near Manaus), an untidy cup built from bark strips, located 7 m up in tree; nest being built in Colombia was 7–8 m up in base of palm frond. Clutch 2 eggs, cream-coloured with scattered brown spots, especially around blunt end (also unverified report of 2–3 eggs, bluish-white with brown markings). No other information.
Not globally threatened. Fairly common in suitable habitat in much of range. Race simulans has very restricted geographical distribution in Darién, in E Panama; was thought to be restricted to Cerro Pirre, but recent records from Serrania de Jungurundú, farther S in Darién.
Distribution of the Yellow-green Grosbeak - Range Map
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Distribution of the Yellow-green Grosbeak

Recommended Citation

Brewer, D. (2020). Yellow-green Grosbeak (Caryothraustes canadensis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.yeggro1.01
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